最近管理的一批机器，有个需求是要统一修改一个帐号的用户名密码，比如将qa帐号的密码改为1234，后来还为了脚本化，很方便的执行，还使用了非交互式地修改用户的密码。简单记录一下吧。
1. 交互式配置本地用户的密码：passwd 命令
[root@host_221-81 ~]# passwd qa Changing password for user qa. New password: BAD PASSWORD: it is too short BAD PASSWORD: is too simple Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
2. 非交互式修改本地用户的密码：chpasswd
# chpasswd命令使用起来很简洁[root@host_221-81 ~]# echo "qa:1234" | chpasswd # 使用passwd命令，也可以实现非交互式修改密码[root@host_221-81 ~]# echo "1234" | passwd --stdin "qa" Changing password for user qa. passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
3. 使用expect来处理交互式输入，从而实现非交互式的密码修改。
#!/bin/sh# \exec expect -f"$0""$@"if{$argc!= 2}{puts "Usage: $argv0 <username> <passwd>"exit1}set password [lindex $argv1]
spawn passwd[lindex $argv0]sleep1
expect "assword:"
send "$password\r"
expect "assword:"
send "$password\r"
expect eof
注意：脚本的第二行，这种写法可能比较陌生，这是在TCL语言中的语法，The backslash is recognized as part of a comment to sh, but in Tcl the backslash continues the comment into the next line which keeps the exec command from executing again.
该脚本的执行结果为：
[root@smilejay ~]# ./change-pwd-expect.sh qa 1234 spawn passwd qa Changing password for user qa. New password: BAD PASSWORD: it is too short BAD PASSWORD: is too simple Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
参考资料：http://wiki.tcl.tk/708#pagetoc593413fa
转载请注明：爱开源 » Linux修改用户密码-交互式与非交互式