web.py 十分钟创建简易博客

一、web.py简介

web.py是一款轻量级的python web开发框架，简单、高效、学习成本低，特别适合作为python web开发的入门框架。官方站点：http://webpy.org/

二、web.py安装

1、下载：http://webpy.org/static/web.py-0.33.tar.gz

2、解压并进入web.py-0.33目录，安装：python setup.py install

三、创建简易博客

1、目录说明：主目录blog/，模板目录blog/templates

2、在数据库“test”中创建表“entries”

CREATE TABLE entries (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
    title TEXT,
    content TEXT,
    posted_on DATETIME,
    primary key (id)
);

3、在主目录创建blog.py，blog/blog.py

#载入框架
import web
#载入数据库操作model（稍后创建）
import model
#URL映射
urls = (
        '/', 'Index',
        '/view/(/d+)', 'View',
        '/new', 'New',
        '/delete/(/d+)', 'Delete',
        '/edit/(/d+)', 'Edit',
        '/login', 'Login',
        '/logout', 'Logout',
        )
app = web.application(urls, globals())
#模板公共变量
t_globals = {
    'datestr': web.datestr,
    'cookie': web.cookies,
}
#指定模板目录，并设定公共模板
render = web.template.render('templates', base='base', globals=t_globals)
#创建登录表单
login = web.form.Form(
                      web.form.Textbox('username'),
                      web.form.Password('password'),
                      web.form.Button('login')
                      )
#首页类
class Index:
    def GET(self):
        login_form = login()
        posts = model.get_posts()
        return render.index(posts, login_form)
    def POST(self):
        login_form = login()
        if login_form.validates():
            if login_form.d.username == 'admin' /
                and login_form.d.password == 'admin':
                web.setcookie('username', login_form.d.username)
        raise web.seeother('/')
#查看文章类
class View:
    def GET(self, id):
        post = model.get_post(int(id))
        return render.view(post)
#新建文章类
class New:
    form = web.form.Form(
                         web.form.Textbox('title',
                         web.form.notnull,
                         size=30,
                         description='Post title: '),
                         web.form.Textarea('content',
                         web.form.notnull,
                         rows=30,
                         cols=80,
                         description='Post content: '),
                         web.form.Button('Post entry'),
                         )
    def GET(self):
        form = self.form()
        return render.new(form)
    def POST(self):
        form = self.form()
        if not form.validates():
            return render.new(form)
        model.new_post(form.d.title, form.d.content)
        raise web.seeother('/')
#删除文章类
class Delete:
    def POST(self, id):
        model.del_post(int(id))
        raise web.seeother('/')
#编辑文章类
class Edit:
    def GET(self, id):
        post = model.get_post(int(id))
        form = New.form()
        form.fill(post)
        return render.edit(post, form)
    def POST(self, id):
        form = New.form()
        post = model.get_post(int(id))
        if not form.validates():
            return render.edit(post, form)
        model.update_post(int(id), form.d.title, form.d.content)
        raise web.seeother('/')
#退出登录
class Logout:
    def GET(self):
        web.setcookie('username', '', expires=-1)
        raise web.seeother('/')
#定义404错误显示内容
def notfound():
    return web.notfound("Sorry, the page you were looking for was not found.")

app.notfound = notfound
#运行
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

4、在主目录创建model.py，blog/model.py

import web
import datetime
#数据库连接
db = web.database(dbn = 'mysql', db = 'test', user = 'root', pw = '123456')
#获取所有文章
def get_posts():
    return db.select('entries', order = 'id DESC')

#获取文章内容
def get_post(id):
    try:
        return db.select('entries', where = 'id=$id', vars = locals())[0]
    except IndexError:
        return None
#新建文章
def new_post(title, text):
    db.insert('entries',
        title = title,
        content = text,
        posted_on = datetime.datetime.utcnow())
#删除文章
def del_post(id):
    db.delete('entries', where = 'id = $id', vars = locals())

#修改文章
def update_post(id, title, text):
    db.update('entries',
        where = 'id = $id',
        vars = locals(),
        title = title,
        content = text)

5、在模板目录依次创建：base.html、edit.html、index.html、new.html、view.html

<!-- base.html -->
$def with (page)
<html>
    <head>
        <title>My Blog</title>
        <mce:style><!--
            #menu {
                width: 200px;
                float: right;
            }

--></mce:style><style mce_bogus="1">            #menu {
                width: 200px;
                float: right;
            }
        </style>
    </head>

    <body>
        <ul id="menu">
            <li><a href="/" mce_href="">Home</a></li>
            $if cookie().get('username'):
                <li><a href="/new" mce_href="new">New Post</a></li>
        </ul>

        $:page
    </body>
</html>

<!-- edit.html -->
$def with (post, form)
<h1>Edit $form.d.title</h1>
<form action="" method="post">
    $:form.render()
</form>
<h2>Delete post</h2>
<form action="/delete/$post.id" method="post">
    <input type="submit" value="Delete post" />
</form>

<!-- index.html -->
$def with (posts, login_form)
<h1>Blog posts</h1>
$if not cookie().get('username'):
    <form action="" method="post">
    $:login_form.render()
    </form>
$else:
    Welcome $cookie().get('username')!<a href="/logout" mce_href="logout">Logout</a>
<ul>
    $for post in posts:
        <li>
            <a href="/view/$post.id" mce_href="view/$post.id">$post.title</a>
            on $post.posted_on
            $if cookie().get('username'):
                <a href="/edit/$post.id" mce_href="edit/$post.id">Edit</a>
                <a href="/delete/$post.id" mce_href="delete/$post.id">Del</a>
        </li>
</ul>

<!-- new.html -->
$def with (form)
<h1>New Blog Post</h1>
<form action="" method="post">
$:form.render()
</form>

<!-- view.html -->
$def with (post)
<h1>$post.title</h1>
$post.posted_on<br />
$post.content

6、进入主目录在命令行下运行：python blog.py，将启动web服务，在浏览器输入：http://localhost:8080/，简易博客即已完成。

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