最近管理的一批机器,有个需求是要统一修改一个帐号的用户名密码,比如将qa帐号的密码改为1234,后来还为了脚本化,很方便的执行,还使用了非交互式地修改用户的密码。简单记录一下吧。
1. 交互式配置本地用户的密码:passwd 命令
[root@host_221-81 ~]# passwd qa Changing password for user qa. New password: BAD PASSWORD: it is too short BAD PASSWORD: is too simple Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
2. 非交互式修改本地用户的密码:chpasswd
# chpasswd命令使用起来很简洁[root@host_221-81 ~]# echo "qa:1234" | chpasswd # 使用passwd命令,也可以实现非交互式修改密码[root@host_221-81 ~]# echo "1234" | passwd --stdin "qa" Changing password for user qa. passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
3. 使用expect来处理交互式输入,从而实现非交互式的密码修改。
#!/bin/sh# \exec expect -f"$0""$@"if{$argc!= 2}{puts "Usage: $argv0 <username> <passwd>"exit1}set password [lindex $argv1] spawn passwd[lindex $argv0]sleep1 expect "assword:" send "$password\r" expect "assword:" send "$password\r" expect eof
注意:脚本的第二行,这种写法可能比较陌生,这是在TCL语言中的语法,The backslash is recognized as part of a comment to sh, but in Tcl the backslash continues the comment into the next line which keeps the exec command from executing again.
该脚本的执行结果为:
[root@smilejay ~]# ./change-pwd-expect.sh qa 1234 spawn passwd qa Changing password for user qa. New password: BAD PASSWORD: it is too short BAD PASSWORD: is too simple Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
参考资料:http://wiki.tcl.tk/708#pagetoc593413fa
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