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Linux修改用户密码-交互式与非交互式

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最近管理的一批机器,有个需求是要统一修改一个帐号的用户名密码,比如将qa帐号的密码改为1234,后来还为了脚本化,很方便的执行,还使用了非交互式地修改用户的密码。简单记录一下吧。

1. 交互式配置本地用户的密码:passwd 命令

[root@host_221-81 ~]# passwd qa
Changing password for user qa.
New password: 
BAD PASSWORD: it is too short
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password: 
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

2. 非交互式修改本地用户的密码:chpasswd

# chpasswd命令使用起来很简洁[root@host_221-81 ~]# echo "qa:1234" | chpasswd
 
# 使用passwd命令,也可以实现非交互式修改密码[root@host_221-81 ~]# echo "1234" | passwd --stdin "qa"
Changing password for user qa.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

3. 使用expect来处理交互式输入,从而实现非交互式的密码修改。

#!/bin/sh# \exec expect -f"$0""$@"if{$argc!= 2}{puts "Usage: $argv0 <username> <passwd>"exit1}set password [lindex $argv1]
spawn passwd[lindex $argv0]sleep1
expect "assword:"
send "$password\r"
expect "assword:"
send "$password\r"
expect eof

注意:脚本的第二行,这种写法可能比较陌生,这是在TCL语言中的语法,The backslash is recognized as part of a comment to sh, but in Tcl the backslash continues the comment into the next line which keeps the exec command from executing again.

该脚本的执行结果为:

[root@smilejay ~]# ./change-pwd-expect.sh qa 1234
spawn passwd qa
Changing password for user qa.
New password: 
BAD PASSWORD: it is too short
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password: 
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

参考资料:http://wiki.tcl.tk/708#pagetoc593413fa

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