pip安装使用详解

1、pip下载安装
1.1 pip下载

# wget "https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pip/pip-1.5.4.tar.gz#md5=834b2904f92d46aaa333267fb1c922bb" --no-check-certificate

1.2 pip安装

# tar -xzvf pip-1.5.4.tar.gz
# cd pip-1.5.4
# python setup.py install

2. pip使用详解
2.1 pip安装软件

# pip install SomePackage
  [...]
  Successfully installed SomePackage

2.2 pip查看已安装的软件

# pip show --files SomePackage
  Name: SomePackage
  Version: 1.0
  Location: /my/env/lib/pythonx.x/site-packages
  Files:
   ../somepackage/__init__.py
   [...]

2.3 pip检查哪些软件需要更新

# pip list --outdated
  SomePackage (Current: 1.0 Latest: 2.0)

2.4 pip升级软件

# pip install --upgrade SomePackage
  [...]
  Found existing installation: SomePackage 1.0
  Uninstalling SomePackage:
    Successfully uninstalled SomePackage
  Running setup.py install for SomePackage
  Successfully installed SomePackage

2.5 pip卸载软件

$ pip uninstall SomePackage
  Uninstalling SomePackage:
    /my/env/lib/pythonx.x/site-packages/somepackage
  Proceed (y/n)? y
  Successfully uninstalled SomePackage

3. pip使用实例
3.1 安装redis

# pip install redis

3.2 卸载redis

# pip uninstall redis
Uninstalling redis:
  /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/redis-2.9.1-py2.6.egg-info
.....省略一些内容....
Proceed (y/n)? y
  Successfully uninstalled redis

3.3 查看待更新软件

pip list --outdate
pygpgme (Current: 0.1 Latest: 0.3)
pycurl (Current: 7.19.0 Latest: 7.19.3.1)
iniparse (Current: 0.3.1 Latest: 0.4)

4. 常见错误
4.1 ImportError No module named setuptools
请参考《ImportError No module named setuptools解决》

5. pip参数解释

# pip --help

Usage:
  pip <command> [options]

Commands:
  install                     安装软件.
  uninstall                   卸载软件.
  freeze                      按着一定格式输出已安装软件列表
  list                        列出已安装软件.
  show                        显示软件详细信息.
  search                      搜索软件，类似yum里的search.
  wheel                       Build wheels from your requirements.
  zip                         不推荐. Zip individual packages.
  unzip                       不推荐. Unzip individual packages.
  bundle                      不推荐. Create pybundles.
  help                        当前帮助.

General Options:
  -h, --help                  显示帮助.
  -v, --verbose               更多的输出，最多可以使用3次
  -V, --version               现实版本信息然后退出.
  -q, --quiet                 最少的输出.
  --log-file <path>           覆盖的方式记录verbose错误日志，默认文件：/root/.pip/pip.log
  --log <path>                不覆盖记录verbose输出的日志.
  --proxy <proxy>             Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.
  --timeout <sec>             连接超时时间 (默认15秒).
  --exists-action <action>    Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup.
  --cert <path>               证书.

6. 结束
安装使用一目了然，太简单了。老板再也不要我安装软件了。

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