一、Nginx+Tomcat+Session+memcache 高性能群集服务搭建，本文采用目前主流版本搭建，搭建环境及版本如下列表：
系统版本：Centos 5.3 64位系统
Nginx版本为：nginx-0.8.54.tar.gz
Jdk版本为：1.6.0_18_64
Tomcat版本为：Apache Tomcat/6.0.30
其他相似版本也可以！安装服务所需的包如下下载路径：本网站集成部分下载：
jdk请到以下网站下载：请选择自己系统版本的jdk。
http://blog.mgcrazy.com/download/apache-tomcat-6.0.30.tar.gz
【Nginx-0.8.54 下载】
http://blog.mgcrazy.com/download/nginx-0.8.54.tar.gz
http://blog.mgcrazy.com/download/pcre-8.01.tar.gz
二、首先安装Nginx：安装nginx之前需要安装pcre包和zlib以支持重写,正则以及网页压缩等等】
把所需的包下载到/usr/src下【根据自己的习惯，路径可以改变】
（1）首先安装pcre：
cd /usr/src &&tar xzf pcre-8.01.tar.gz &&cd pcre-8.01 && ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/pcre &&make &&make install
（2）、然后再安装nginx ：【给nginx安装jvmroute模块】
cd /usr/src &&svn checkout http://nginx-upstream-jvm-route.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/nginx-upstream-jvm-route-read-only && useradd www && tar xzf nginx-0.8.54.tar.gz &&cd nginx-0.8.54 && patch -p0 < ../nginx-upstream-jvm-route-read-only/jvm_route.patch && ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nginx-0.8 –with-http_stub_status_module –with-openssl=/usr/ –with-pcre=/usr/src/pcre-8.01 –add-module=../nginx-upstream-jvm-route-read-only –user=www –group=www &&make &&make install
【nginx注意* –with-pcre=/usr/src/pcre-8.01指向的是源码包解压的路径，而不是安装的路径，否则会报
make[1]: *** [/usr/local/pcre/Makefile] Error 127 错误】
Nginx 安装完毕！我们先不着急nginx配置文件的配置，先来修改tomcat配置文件：
三、Tomcat安装配置：
（1）、将所需的包下载至/usr/src 目录；首先安装jdk：
chmod o+x jdk* && ./jdk* ;程序包会提示按回车键，我们根据提示安装即可，解压完毕，会在当前目录生成 jdk1.6.0_18 这个文件夹，
mkdir -p /usr/java && mv jdk1.6.0_18 /usr/java/下
vi /etc/profile 最后面加入以下语句：
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_18
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH:$HOMR/bin
source /etc/profile //使环境变量马上生效
java –version //查看java版本，显示版本是1.6.0_18，并且是64位的证明安装成功！
【 Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 16.0-b10, mixed mode) 】
cd /usr/src && tar xzf apache-tomcat-6.0.30.tar.gz
解压完成执行：
mv apache-tomcat-6.0.30 /usr/local/tomcat_1 && cp /usr/local/tomcat_1 /usr/local/tomcat_2 -r
【移动到/usr/local下并重命名为tomcat_1文件夹,并cp一个tomcat_2】
部署两个Tomcat群集做负载均衡用！
（2）、设置tomcat的java变量
cd /usr/local/tomcat_1/bin/ && vi setenv.sh 创建一个setenv.sh脚本文件，添加如下语句即可
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_18
JAVA_JRE=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_18/jre
并且拷贝setenv.sh文件到tomcat_2/bin/下 ：
cp -p /usr/local/tomcat_1/bin/setenv.sh /usr/local/tomcat_2/bin 下即可！
保存退出
检查两个tomcat下bin目录的*.sh 文件是否有可执行权限，如果没有则进入到相应的目录执行 chmod o+x *.sh 即可！
给两个tomcat分别创建不同的目录如下：mkdir -p /usr/webapps/{www_1,www_2}
（3）、设置Tomcat的 server.xml文件：
【以下是我的tomcat配置文件具体内容，本想已附件的形式发的，本博客目前还不支持附件功能，重要修改的地方供大家参考，如果把所有配置都粘贴在这里，显示有问题，所有用了两个web链接！这样一来部分解释就产生了影响。不明白的欢迎留言】
这个是完整的server.xml文件下载地址：
http://blog.mgcrazy.com/download/server.xml.tgz
tomcat_2的配置文件下载地址：
http://blog.mgcrazy.com/download/server2.xml.tgz
两个Tomcat配置的cluster里面的端口分别为4000、4001 ，必须设置成不同的端口；而且得分别设置两个jvmroute名称，一会在nginx中会用到！
配置Tomcat session会话复制：
分别在两个tomcat的conf下web.xml文件里面加入如下一行即可：
配置完毕后，我们测试一下广播
java -cp tomcat-replication.jar MCaster 224.0.0.1 45564 Terminal1
java -cp tomcat-replication.jar MCaster 224.0.0.1 45564 Terminal2
如果不报错则能正常广播
tomcat-replication.jar 下载:http://cvs.apache.org/~fhanik/tomcat-replication.jar
如果是两台机器的话，可以用tcpdump 抓包看看！
四、配置session共享memcache：
下载如下memcache套件包：本站点集成下载：
http://blog.mgcrazy.com/download/session-memcache/javolution-5.4.3.1.jar
http://blog.mgcrazy.com/download/session-memcache/memcached-2.5.jar
http://blog.mgcrazy.com/download/session-memcache/memcached-session-manager-1.3.0.jar
http://blog.mgcrazy.com/download/session-memcache/msm-javolution-serializer-1.3.0.jar
http://blog.mgcrazy.com/download/session-memcache/msm-javolution-serializer-cglib-1.3.0.jar
http://blog.mgcrazy.com/download/session-memcache/msm-javolution-serializer-jodatime-1.3.0.jar
下载后，分别放在两个tomcat的lib下：【/usr/local/tomcat_1/lib下即可】
然后分别在tomcat配置文件：context.xml里面添加如下代码：
<Manager className=”de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager”
memcachedNodes=”n1:192.168.0.84:11211″
requestUriIgnorePattern=”.*.(png|gif|jpg|css|js)$”
sessionBackupAsync=”false”
sessionBackupTimeout=”100″
transcoderFactoryClass=”de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.javolution.JavolutionTranscoderFactory”
copyCollectionsForSerialization=”false” />
如果有多个memcache，可以在上面192.168.0.84:11211后已空格分开！例如：
n1:192.168.0.84:11211 n2:192.168.0.84:11213 即可！
Tomcat配置完毕，启动两个tomcat，先启动tomcat1，tomcat_1启动日志如下：
2011-3-25 19:55:22 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: /usr/java/jdk1.6.0_18/jre/lib/amd64/server:/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_18/jre/lib/amd64:/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_18/jre/../lib/amd64:/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib
2011-3-25 19:55:22 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol init
信息: Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080
2011-3-25 19:55:22 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
信息: Initialization processed in 1207 ms
2011-3-25 19:55:22 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService start
信息: Starting service Catalina
2011-3-25 19:55:23 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine start
信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/6.0.18
2011-3-25 19:55:23 org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster start
信息: Cluster is about to start
2011-3-25 19:55:23 org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReceiverBase bind
信息: Receiver Server Socket bound to:/192.168.2.79:4000
2011-3-25 19:55:23 org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastServiceImpl setupSocket
信息: Setting cluster mcast soTimeout to 500
2011-3-25 19:55:23 org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastServiceImpl waitForMembers
信息: Sleeping for 1000 milliseconds to establish cluster membership, start level:4
2011-3-25 19:55:24 org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastServiceImpl waitForMembers
信息: Done sleeping, membership established, start level:4
2011-3-25 19:55:24 org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastServiceImpl waitForMembers
信息: Sleeping for 1000 milliseconds to establish cluster membership, start level:8
2011-3-25 19:55:25 org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastServiceImpl waitForMembers
信息: Done sleeping, membership established, start level:8
2011-3-25 19:55:25 org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer start
严重: FarmWarDeployer can only work as host cluster subelement!
2011-3-25 19:55:25 de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager setSessionBackupAsync
信息: SessionBackupAsync was changed to false, creating new BackupSessionService with new configuration.
2011-3-25 19:55:25 org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster registerManager
警告: Manager [ de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager@579d75ee] does not implement ClusterManager, addition to cluster has been aborted.
2011-3-25 19:55:25 de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager init
信息: MemcachedBackupSessionManager starts initialization… (configured nodes definition n1:192.168.0.84:11211, failover nodes null)
2011-3-25 19:55:25 de.javakaffee.web.msm.SessionTrackerValve <init>
信息: Setting ignorePattern to .*.(png|gif|jpg|css|js)$
2011-3-25 19:55:25 de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager createTranscoderFactory
信息: Starting with transcoder factory de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.javolution.JavolutionTranscoderFactory
2011-3-25 19:55:25 de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager init
信息: MemcachedBackupSessionManager finished initialization, have node ids [n1] and failover node ids []
2011-3-25 19:55:25 org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve start
信息: JvmRouteBinderValve started
2011-3-25 19:55:25 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol start
信息: Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080
2011-3-25 19:55:25 org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket init
信息: JK: ajp13 listening on /0.0.0.0:8411
2011-3-25 19:55:26 org.apache.jk.server.JkMain start
信息: Jk running ID=0 time=0/63 config=null
2011-3-25 19:55:26 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
信息: Server startup in 3076 ms
Tomcat_2的日志如下：
信息: Receiver Server Socket bound to:/192.168.2.79:4001
2011-3-25 19:56:44 org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastServiceImpl setupSocket
信息: Setting cluster mcast soTimeout to 500
2011-3-25 19:56:44 org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastServiceImpl waitForMembers
信息: Sleeping for 1000 milliseconds to establish cluster membership, start level:4
2011-3-25 19:56:44 org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster memberAdded
信息: Replication member added:org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.MemberImpl[tcp://{-64, -88, 2, 79}:4000,{-64, -88, 2, 79},4000, alive=81847,id={-31 -86 53 28 -89 94 64 106 -97 -87 -73 93 -91 -3 49 -1 }, payload={}, command={}, domain={}, ]
2011-3-25 19:56:44 org.apache.catalina.tribes.io.BufferPool getBufferPool
信息: Created a buffer pool with max size:104857600 bytes of type:org.apache.catalina.tribes.io.BufferPool15Impl
2011-3-25 19:56:45 org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastServiceImpl waitForMembers
信息: Done sleeping, membership established, start level:4
2011-3-25 19:56:45 org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastServiceImpl waitForMembers
信息: Sleeping for 1000 milliseconds to establish cluster membership, start level:8
2011-3-25 19:56:45 org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster memberAdded
信息: Replication member added:org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.MemberImpl[tcp://{-64, -88, 2, 79}:4001,{-64, -88, 2, 79},4001, alive=1015,id={68 105 -77 -105 69 65 78 -21 -77 47 -96 -85 -125 -125 98 -88 }, payload={}, command={}, domain={}, ]
2011-3-25 19:56:45 org.apache.catalina.tribes.io.BufferPool getBufferPool
信息: Created a buffer pool with max size:104857600 bytes of type:org.apache.catalina.tribes.io.BufferPool15Impl
2011-3-25 19:56:46 org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastServiceImpl waitForMembers
信息: Done sleeping, membership established, start level:8
2011-3-25 19:56:46 org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer start
严重: FarmWarDeployer can only work as host cluster subelement!
2011-3-25 19:56:46 de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager setSessionBackupAsync
信息: SessionBackupAsync was changed to false, creating new BackupSessionService with new configuration.
2011-3-25 19:56:47 org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster registerManager
警告: Manager [ de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager@50269997] does not implement ClusterManager, addition to cluster has been aborted.
2011-3-25 19:56:47 de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager init
信息: MemcachedBackupSessionManager starts initialization… (configured nodes definition n1:192.168.0.84:11211, failover nodes null)
2011-3-25 19:56:47 de.javakaffee.web.msm.SessionTrackerValve <init>
信息: Setting ignorePattern to .*.(png|gif|jpg|css|js)$
2011-3-25 19:56:47 de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager createTranscoderFactory
信息: Starting with transcoder factory de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.javolution.JavolutionTranscoderFactory
2011-3-25 19:56:47 de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager init
信息: MemcachedBackupSessionManager finished initialization, have node ids [n1] and failover node ids []
2011-3-25 19:56:47 org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve start
信息: JvmRouteBinderValve started
2011-3-25 19:56:47 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol start
信息: Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8081
2011-3-25 19:56:47 org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket init
信息: JK: ajp13 listening on /0.0.0.0:8412
2011-3-25 19:56:47 org.apache.jk.server.JkMain start
信息: Jk running ID=0 time=0/33 config=null
2011-3-25 19:56:47 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
信息: Server startup in 3094 ms
有mem字段，并且没有什么异常及证明session-memcache配置成功！
如果有报错或者请查看原因！
skipping state transfer. No members active in cluster group.”
mcastBindAddress 没有添加或添加得不对
【如上报错，如果启动其中一个报的错，而且已经修改了mcastBindAddress，此时还是有报错，我们可以不用管，在启动另一个 tomcat看看，第二个tomcat没有No members active in cluster group，则表示两个tomcat通信正常。】
四、最后配置Nginx：【贴出nginx.conf配置文件的内容，下载地址如下：】
http://blog.mgcrazy.com/download/nginx.conf.tgz
配置文件需要注意的地方：
http
{
upstream backend {
server 192.168.2.79:8080 srun_id=tomcat1;
#【tomcat1是我tomcat_1 server.xml里面配置的jvmroute=tomcat1】
server 192.168.2.79:8081 srun_id=tomcat2;
#【tomcat2是我tomcat_2 server.xml里面配置的jvmroute=tomcat2】
jvm_route $cookie_JSESSIONID|sessionid reverse;
#【配置jvmroute 、session会话】
}
配置完毕后，新建/usr/webapps/www_1/index.jsp测试页面内容如留言：
tomcat_2的发布目录index.jsp内容为：
启动nginx即可！
最后测试！在同一个浏览器窗口下 ctrl+f5刷新，都是同一个tomcat内容，它不会跳转到另一tomcat
http://192.168.2.79:81 结果如下：
http://wgkgood.gicp.net
org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSessionFacade@2d7aece8
JSESSIONID=FEB19E24719ED666D1C9C50A7A09A2BA.tomcat2
另一个浏览器窗口为：
http://blog.mgcrazy.com
org.apache.catalina.session.StandardSessionFacade@259e215b
rtime=0; ltime=1298014951125; cnzz_eid=85744900-1298010049-; Hm_lvt_0e74098a87be059a433e5a74f1b5fecf=1298014951312; Hm_lvt_b7c035fd79b2c378053e06c86493de76=1300439158373; JSESSIONID=B2574ABB491F50F37162479BD3FE761C.tomcat1
无论你怎么刷新同一个窗口下都不会变！而且当你down掉一个tomcat后，会自动转移会话到另一个tomcat上！用户是感觉不到服务挂掉的！当两个服务正常的时候，可以负载均衡、当一个服务down掉时，可以自动剔除它，并复制它的会话